|
摘 要：2003年通过的《保护非物质文化遗产公约》经历过长达几十年的辩论，逐渐摆脱既有的学科化分类和学术观念的影响，建立起赋权社区的根基性立场；2011年施行的《中华人民共和国非物质文化遗产法》则呈现出以学科为导向的门类划分观念，深刻地影响了中国非遗保护的基线行动。通过国际法与国内法的比照，考察中国国家级非遗代表性项目名录的分类体系与门类化保护策略，以“表演艺术”这一领域的包容性划分方法统摄国内“传统音乐”“传统舞蹈”“传统戏剧”和“曲艺”四大门类，则有益于在非遗项目与领域或其子领域乃至与其他领域之间建立起互涉性关联，从而走向以人民生活实践为中心的过程性保护，也有助于打破学科化壁垒，从认识论和方法论层面去探查中国非遗系统性保护的实践走向与行动方略。
关键词：非物质文化遗产领域；学科化导向；表演艺术；包容性原则；系统性保护
作者简介：姚慧，中国社会科学院民族文学研究所副研究员（北京 100732）
Abstract: After extensive deliberation spanning several decades, the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, which was adopted in 2003, effectively dismantled the influence of pre-existing rigid classifications and scholarly concepts. Consequently, it established a fundamental approach that empowers communities and their intangible cultural heritage (ICH) in terms of cultural policymaking. In parallel with legislative practices at the national level, China has implemented its intangible cultural heritage law since 2011 by introducing a discipline-oriented concept of classification that has significantly impacted efforts to safeguard ICH in China. By comparing international and domestic laws, it is necessary to examine the classification system and safeguarding strategies employed for China’s national inventory of representative ICH elements. The present study focuses on four categories within performing arts The present study focuses on four categories within performing arts - “traditional music,” “traditional dance,” “traditional opera,” and “Quyi” - with an inclusive classification method. Its aim is to establish connections between ICH elements and their respective domains or sub-domains as well as other related domains. The findings suggest that promoting a process-based safeguarding approach to life practices by breaking down disciplinary barriers would be helpful in exploring emerging trends and action strategies for systematically safeguarding ICH in China from an epistemological and methodological perspective.
Keywords: intangible cultural heritage; discipline-oriented; performing arts; principle of inclusiveness; systematic safeguarding
About the author: YAO Hui, Associate Research Fellow at Institute of Ethnic Literature, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (Beijing, 100732)
文章来源：中国民俗学网
【本文责编：CFNEditor】
|
