土耳其、印尼两国伊斯兰教与国家关系的比较研究
Comparing State-Islam Relations in Turkey and Indonesia
土耳其、印尼两国伊斯兰教与国家关系的比较研究
Martin van Bruinessen教授
新加坡国立大学亚洲研究中心
时间：2013年5月24日星期五
19:30-21:30
地点：马丁堂二楼讲学厅
讲座摘要：尽管穆斯林保守派占其人口大多数，亚洲与中东伊斯兰人口集中的土耳其与印度尼西亚仍以世俗共和政体立国。两个国家都诞生于武装解放运动，其军队也一直承担着维护世俗政治秩序的责任——直至最近才迫于形势，有所转变。两国也发展出多少有些相似的伊斯兰统治体制（通过官办宗教学校与神学机构培养自由灵活的宗教精英以及遵从伊斯兰法的裁决机构）。随着左翼政治的瓦解，伊斯兰教组织成为两国唯一重要的公民政治力量。八十年代末，政治经济解放使得穆斯林保守组织重新影响到国家建设与公共话语，并导致公共领域显著的伊斯兰化。但是，来自阿拉伯世界和南亚地区的伊斯兰教徒、原教旨主义思想以及动员形式对两个国家的影响却各不相同。印尼将更加激进的阿拉伯化的伊斯兰表述融入了自身的杂糅的穆斯林文化，而土耳其则自豪地保留了本国独特的伊斯兰风格，并将之设计入更大的伊斯兰世界中。
嘉宾简介：Martin VAN BRUINESSEN教授为荷兰乌得勒兹大学与现代世界伊斯兰研究国际机构（ISIM）现代穆斯林社会比较研究讲座教授，2011年退休后，Martin Van Bruinessen教授仍在各大学继续指导博士研究生。除精通西欧主要语言外，Martin Van Bruinessen教授还熟练掌握土耳其语和印尼语，并能读说库尔德语、波斯语。他的主要著作有Mullas, Sufis and Heretics: The Role of Religion in Kurdish Society (2000), Kurdish Ethno-nationalism Versus Nation-building States (2000), Sufism and the ‘Modern’ in Islam (co-edited with Julia D. Howell, 2007), Producing Islamic Knowledge: Transmission and Dissemination in Western Europe (co-edited with Stefano Allievi, 2011)
Comparing State-Islam Relations in Turkey and Indonesia
Speaker:Martin van Bruinessen
Time：19:30-21:30 Friday, May 24, 2013
Venue: Lecture Room, Second Floor, Martin Hall, South Campus, SYSU
Organizer: School of Sociology and Anthropology, SYSU
Prof. Martin VAN BRUINESSEN was the chair professor of Comparative Sudies of Modern Muslim Societies at Utrecht University and the International Institute for the Study of Islam in the Modern World (ISIM) until hs retirement in 2011, although he continues with PhD supervision there as well as at several other universities, Besides the major West European languages, Van Bruinessen is fluent in Turkish and Indonesian, as well as reads and speaks Kurdish and Persian. His major work includes Mullas, Sufis and Heretics: The Role of Religion in Kurdish Society (2000), Kurdish Ethno-nationalism Versus Nation-building States (2000), Sufism and the ‘Modern’ in Islam (co-edited with Julia D. Howell, 2007), Producing Islamic Knowledge: Transmission and Dissemination in Western Europe (co-edited with Stefano Allievi, 2011), and others including Indonesian publications
Abstract
Turkey and Indonesia, located at opposite sides of the main mass of Muslim populations of Asia and the Middle East, both were established as secular republics although conservative Muslims make up a large proportion of their populations. Both republics were born in armed liberation struggles, and the military have assumed a special role as the guardians of the established secular political order, from which they have only recently been forced to retreat. The two countries developed more or less similar regimes of governance of Islam (through state-sponsored religious schools and theological institutes aiming at the formation of a pliable and liberal religious elite, through state-sponsored fatwa bodies, etc.). Following the political destruction of the left (in 1965-66 in Indonesia; in the wake of the 1980 military coup in Turkey), organized Islam remained as the only significant civilian political force in both countries. Political and economic liberalization from the late 1980s onward allowed conservative Muslim groups to recapture influence in the state apparatus and make a notable impact on public discourse, resulting in a highly visible Islamization of the public domain. The countries have differed considerably, however, in their receptiveness to Islamist and fundamentalist ideas and forms of mobilization originating from the Arab world and South Asia. Indonesia has incorporated further Arabized expressions of Islam into its own mosaic of Muslim cultures, whereas Turkey has proudly guarded its distinctive styles of Islam and has projecting them into the larger world of Islam.
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http://ssa.sysu.edu.cn/Item/4803.aspx
