【英文摘要】 This study aims to represent the cultural and political situation of“the New Folk Song”objectively with special reference to major periodicals around 1958, and with a view to finding out its historical significance, attempts to describe as follows:In Chapters 1 to 2, the study deals with the background, the rise, and the developmental process of“the New Folk Song Movement”in 1958. China, after its national foundation in 1949, put into operation the policy of“Three Red Flags”as a countermeasure for its political and economical crisis, and“the New Folk Song Movement”resulted from the countermeasure in the literary field. Here“the Great Leap Forward”was sung on the basis of“the People's Commune”, a collective writing space under the leadership of“the General Line”.Chapters 3 and 4 discuss the appearance of worker-, peasant-, and soldier-writers, the crisis of creative intellectuals and the relation between“the New Folk Song”and new poetry. When the literary initiative had passed to“the Workers, Peasants, and Soldiers”, they combined poetry and labor on the basis of their pride as the main group of social revolution, and as a result,“the New Folk Song”played a part as a main current of Chinese new poetry. Thus, intellectuals should take pains to think about the essential thing of poetry with a duty to serve for the workers, peasants, and soldiers.Chapter 5 observes the theoretical characteristics and practical process of the creative writing method to“Combine the revolutionary realism and the revolutionary romanticism”. The theory of“Combining two trends”is introduced as a countermeasure for U.S.S.R.'s socialist realism, and couldn't help making its way to hyperbole and fantasy putting stress on the revolutionary romanticism in accordance with the demands of reality.Chapter 6 investigates the main characteristics of“the New Folk Song”through the analysis of its typical works. Their contents concentrate to praise the party leaders and their political line.“The Workers, Peasants, and Soldiers”, however, raised their status by themselves to the level of leader governing the whole nation due to the fact that their pride made their self-capacity enlarge in consequence of overemphasizing their autonomy. Therefore, romanticism turned out to be false without the actual foundation.In conclusion,“the New Folk Song Movement”has no identity as folk literature from the viewpoint of the value of literary art. However, the first reason why the new folk song is worthy of notice is the fact that it resulted from Mao Tse Tung's populist belief to unite with people in the name of literature for the first time, which had been pushed on consistently during“the Cultural Revolution”since the foundation of Red China. The second reason it reflected completely on the destiny of contemporary poetical song of which literary value was compelled to disappear by political power.“The New Folk Song”led to the tragedy of“the Cultural Revolution”a couple of years later and the unification of Chinese literary circles as a signal to alarm the religious fanaticism of“the Red Guards”for the individual a
【中文关键词】 新民歌; “两结合”; 工农兵
【英文关键词】 The New Folk Song Movement; Combine the revolutionary realism and the revolutionary romanticism; “Workers; Peasants; and Soldiers”
