民俗学上的“民俗”的概念,自1840年由汤姆斯(Willan Thoms)创立以来,150年间,在这一学科里,已不知涌现了多少位“民俗学之父”。但是,连西方最好的民俗学者都承认,真正意义上的民俗学,也就是拥有自己的一套科学原则和研究领域的民俗学,是从人类进入现代社会以后才开始的,其背景特点是,在这一时期,发生民俗学的各个国家,在本国的社会、政治和历史等方面,都发生了不同以往的重要的变化(Lauri Hondo,1995)。按照这种分期法,包括国际公认的芬兰“民俗学之父”科隆父子在内的世界上许多伟大的民俗学开拓者,都只能列为学术先驱,而现代学者所说的“民俗学之父”,实际上是从德国的赫德(Johann Gottfried von Herder)和日本的柳田国男等算起的。
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