Render Ewenki People are those who live in Olguya Ewenki Collag e,Genhe,Hulunber,Inner Mongol, historically called " Deer Use Tribe". As a special group of Ewenki ethnic minority, with a population of 232 , they speak Olguya dialect , a branch of Manchu Tungus language family .According to the historical documents, as early as back in 2000 BC ,their ancestors already lived in wender forest tundra,over of Nibuchu river,north-east part of out Baigal lake and Baigal lake From 16th century to the mid-17 century, following wild deer, they came to the area near Weile river ,branch of lena river and Weitmu, north-west of Baigal lake.During 18th century, along Silik river, this group of people reached Big Sin'an Mountain.The rich natural resources there became the sources of their livelihood. At the same time ,deer and hunting became two important parts in their lives. As time went by, they created deer culture, hunting culture, birch culture,beast skin culture ,bear culture and Shamanism culture. The state of the isolation from other culture contributed to the preservation of their tradition . In other words, nature, esp. forest, remained to play a major role in their daily life, including in their thinking and culture, which is also typical in the northern area where people lived on forestry. From the perspective of cultural anthropology , the historical evolution of this Ewenki group and cultural mode illustrate basic fact in the northern minority area . Therefore, there is extensive academic values in studying this Ewenki group , in terms of cultural anthropology , sociology ,history. However , since they settled down off the mountain and started the social contact with more advanced culture, the original unique culture has been threatened. For them, the traditional culture means a lot in living patterns and life philosophy. So with the cultural shock, the Render Ewenki People are facing feeling of getting lost, and even are culturally threatened. Under this circumstances, rescuing, preserving and studying the traditional culture is not only required, but also urgent, because this relates to their survival and development, also promotes the study of anthropology. As far as I am concerned, I am making efforts to explore the relationship between their traditional culture and the modern culture in a attempt to find a solution to preserve the unique ethnic minority culture . Based on the documents and my personal field research, I presented my view as below : in the first chapter, under the context of cultural anthropology, I address the issues of the general cultural study, research methodology, the current academic study of Render Ewenki People, the value of research and study, the traditional culture, the historical cultural transition of Render Ewenki People as well as their traditional living to demonstrate the significance of studying Render Ewenki People; the 2nd chapter concerns the structure function, feature of their material culture; the 3rd chapter focuses on language and culture, namely ,mythology ,legend, story, proverb, arts, e.g. rock painting, structure & function of funeral and marriage, nature worship, totem worship & ancestor worship and shamanism . Furtherly, analyze the cultural structure of Render Ewenki People0 The 4th chapter is conclusion, I express my own view on how to preserve tradition or culture based on clan organization and it's transition theoretical study. With dialectical materialism, historical materialism of Maxism and nationality theories as the guideline, I take comprehensive approach to the papers ,as well as do a lot of field research . In detail, I refer to early documents, ethnology research material, archeology, linguistics, anthropology history, folklore , and ecology. In a word, field work is a major feature of this doctoral dissertation . The focus is to theoretically study the traditional culture of Render Ewenki People,, As an author, I am hoping it can help people understand better intrinsic vitality of Render Ewenki People .
【关键词 (中文/英文)】 驯鹿鄂温克人; 文化; 研究 Render Ewenki People; culture; research
