标题: 欢天喜地过元宵 英语也来凑热闹 [打印本页]
作者: karin 时间: 2010-2-26 01:59 标题: 欢天喜地过元宵 英语也来凑热闹
欢天喜地过元宵 英语也来凑热闹
腾讯网 2010-02-25 14:16:00
每年农历的正月十五，春节刚过，迎来的就是中国的传统节日——元宵节. 按中国民间的传统，在这天上皓月高悬的夜晚，人们要点起彩灯万盏，以示庆贺。出门赏月、燃灯放焰、喜猜灯谜、共吃元宵，合家团聚、同庆佳节，其乐融融。
元宵节：festival of lanterns，lantern festival dumplings
元宵： the rice glue ball
灯谜：riddles written on lanterns
灯具：lamps and lanterns
灯花 snuff
灯笼裤 bloomers galligaskins knickers pantalettes plus fours
灯笼 lantern scaldfish
灯塔 beacon lighthouse pharos
灯语 lamp signal
灯油 kerosene lamp oil
灯心蜻蜓 damselfly
元宵节正月十五吃元宵的的习俗由来已久,元宵也叫“汤圆”、“圆子”。据说元宵象征合家团圆，吃元宵意味新的一年合家幸福、万事如意。
元宵节闹花灯的习俗起源于道教的“三元说”；正月十五日为上元节，七月十五日为中元节，十月十五日为下元节。主管上、中、下三元的分别为天、地、人三官，天官喜乐，故上元节要燃灯.元宵节的节期与节俗活动，是随历史的发展而延长、扩展的。就节期长短而言，汉代才一天，到唐代已为三天，宋代则长达五天，明代更是自初八点灯，一直到正月十七的夜里才落灯，整整十天。与春节相接，白昼为市，热闹非凡，夜间燃灯，蔚为壮观。特别是那精巧、多彩的灯火，更使其成为春节期间娱乐活动的高潮。至清代，又增加了舞龙、舞狮、跑旱船、踩高跷、扭秧歌等“百戏”内容，只是节期缩短为四到五天。
The 15th day of the 1st lunar month is the Chinese Lantern Festival because the first lunar month is called yuan-month and in the ancient times people called night Xiao. The 15th day is the first night to see a full moon. So the day is also called Yuan Xiao Festival in China.
According to the Chinese tradition, at the very beginning of a new year, when there is a bright full moon hanging in the sky, there should be thousands of colorful lanterns hung out for people to appreciate. At this time, people will try to solve the puzzles on the lanterns and eat yuanxiao (glutinous rice ball) and get all their families united in the joyful atmosphere.
History
Until the Sui Dynasty in the sixth century, Emperor Yangdi invited envoys from other countries to China to see the colorful lighted lanterns and enjoy the gala（节日的，庆祝的）performances.
By the beginning of the Tang Dynasty in the seventh century, the lantern displays would last three days. The emperor also lifted the curfew（宵禁令）, allowing the people to enjoy the festive lanterns day and night. It is not difficult to find Chinese poems which describe this happy scene.
In the Song Dynasty, the festival was celebrated for five days and the activities began to spread to many of the big cities in China. Colorful glass and even jade were used to make lanterns, with figures from folk tales painted on the lanterns.
the largest Lantern Festival celebration took place in the early part of the 15th century. The festivities continued for ten days. Emperor Chengzu had the downtown area set aside as a center for displaying the lanterns. Even today, there is a place in Beijing called Dengshikou. In Chinese, Deng means lantern and Shi is market. The area became a market where lanterns were sold during the day. In the evening, the local people would go there to see the beautiful lighted lanterns on display.
Today, the displaying of lanterns is still a big event on the 15th day of the first lunar month throughout China. People enjoy the brightly lit night. Chengdu in Southwest China's Sichuan Province, for example, holds a lantern fair each year in the Cultural Park. During the Lantern Festival, the park is literally an ocean of lanterns! Many new designs attract countless visitors. The most eye-catching lantern is the Dragon Pole. This is a lantern in the shape of a golden dragon, spiraling up a 27-meter -high pole, spewing fireworks from its mouth. It is quite an impressive sight!
元宵节是中国的传统节日，早在2000多年前的西汉就有了，元宵赏灯始于东汉明帝时期，明帝提倡佛教，听说佛教有正月十五日僧人观佛舍利，点灯敬佛的做法，就命令这一天夜晚在皇宫和寺庙里点灯敬佛，令士族庶民都挂灯。以后这种佛教礼仪节日逐渐形成民间盛大的节日。该节经历了由宫廷到民间，由中原到全国的发展过程。
在汉文帝时，已下令将正月十五定为元宵节。汉武帝时，“太一神”的祭祀活动定在正月十五。（太一：主宰宇宙一切之神）。司马迁创建“太初历”时，就已将元宵节确定为重大节日。
另有一说是元宵燃灯的习俗起源于道教的“三元说”；正月十五日为上元节，七月十五日为中元节，十月十五日为下元节。主管上、中、下三元的分别为天、地、人三官，天官喜乐，故上元节要燃灯。
元宵节的节期与节俗活动，是随历史的发展而延长、扩展的。就节期长短而言，汉代才一天，到唐代已为三天，宋代则长达五天，明代更是自初八点灯，一直到正月十七的夜里才落灯，整整十天。与春节相接，白昼为市，热闹非凡，夜间燃灯，蔚为壮观。特别是那精巧、多彩的灯火，更使其成为春节期间娱乐活动的高潮。至清代，又增加了舞龙、舞狮、跑旱船、踩高跷、扭秧歌等“百戏”内容，只是节期缩短为四到五天。
Origin
There are many different beliefs about the origin of the Lantern Festival. But one thing for sure is that it had something to do with religious worship.
One legend tells us that it was a time to worship Taiyi, the God of Heaven in ancient times. The belief was that the God of Heaven controlled the destiny of the human world. He had sixteen dragons at his beck and call and he decided when to inflict drought, storms, famine or pestilence（瘟疫）upon human beings. Beginning with Qinshihuang, the first emperor to unite the country, all subsequent emperors ordered splendid ceremonies each year. The emperor would ask Taiyi to bring favorable weather and good health to him and his people. Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty directed special attention to this event. In 104 BC, he proclaimed it one of the most important celebrations and the ceremony would last throughout the night.
Another legend associates the Lantern Festival with Taoism. Tianguan is the Taoist god responsible for good fortune. His birthday falls on the 15th day of the first lunar month. It is said that Tianguan likes all types of entertainment. So followers prepare various kinds of activities during which they pray for good fortune.
The third story about the origin of the festival is like this. Buddhism first entered China during the reign of Emperor Mingdi of the Eastern Han Dynasty. That was in the first century. However, it did not exert any great influence among the Chinese people. one day, Emperor Mingdi had a dream about a gold man in his palace. At the very moment when he was about to ask the mysterious figure who he was, the gold man suddenly rose to the sky and disappeared in the west. The next day, Emperor Mingdi sent a scholar to India on a pilgrimage（朝圣）to locate Buddhist scriptures. After journeying thousands of miles, the scholar finally returned with the scriptures. Emperor Mingdi ordered that a temple be built to house a statue of Buddha and serve as a repository for the scriptures. Followers believe that the power of Buddha can dispel darkness. So Emperor Mingdi ordered his subjects to display lighted lanterns during what was to become the Lantern Festival.
关于元宵节的来历，民间还有几种有趣的传说：
关于灯的传说
传说在很久以前，凶禽猛兽很多，四处伤害人和牲畜，人们就组织起来去打它们， 有一只神鸟困为迷路而降落人间，却意外的被不知情的猎人给射死了。天帝知道后十分震怒，立即传旨，下令让天兵于正月十五日到人间放火，把人间的人畜财产通通烧死。 天帝的女儿心地善良，不忍心看百姓无辜受难，就冒着生命的危险，偷偷驾着祥云来到人间，把这个消息告诉了人们。众人听说了这个消息，有如头上响了一个焦雷。吓得不知如何是好，过了好久，才有个老人家想出个法子，他说：「在正月十四、十五、十六日这三天，每户人家都在家里张灯结彩、点响爆竹、 燃放烟火。这样一来，天帝就会以为人们都被烧死了」。
大家听了都点头称 是，便分头准备去了。到了正月十五这天晚上，天帝往下一看，发觉人间一片红光，响声震天，连续三个夜晚都是如此，以为是大火燃烧的火焰，以中大快。人们就这样保住了自己的生命及财产。为了纪念这次成功，从此每到正月十五，家家户户都悬挂灯笼，放烟火来纪念这个日子。
汉文帝时为纪念“平吕”而设
另一个传说是元宵节是汉文帝时为纪念“平吕”而设。汉高祖刘邦死后，吕后之子刘盈登基为汉惠帝。惠帝生性懦弱，优柔寡断，大权渐渐落再吕后手中．汉惠帝病死后吕后独揽朝政把刘氏天下变成了吕氏天下，朝中老臣，刘氏宗室深感愤慨，但都惧怕吕后残暴而敢怒不敢言．
吕后病死后，诸吕惶惶不安害怕遭到伤害和排挤。于是，在上将军吕禄家中秘密集合，共谋作乱之事，以便彻底夺取刘氏江山。
此事传至刘氏宗室齐王刘囊耳中，刘囊为保刘氏江山，决定起兵讨伐诸吕随后与开国老臣周勃，陈平取得联系，设计解除了吕禄，“诸吕之乱”终于被彻底平定．
平乱之后，众臣拥立刘邦的第二个儿子刘恒登基，称汉文帝．文帝深感太平盛世来之不易，便把平息“诸吕之乱”的正月十五，定为与民同乐日，京城里家家张灯结彩，以示庆祝。从此，正月十五便成了一个普天同庆的民间节日——“闹元宵”。
Yuanxiao
Besides entertainment and beautiful lanterns, another important part of the Lantern Festival,or Yuanxiao Festival is eating small dumpling balls made of glutinous rice flour. We call these balls Yuanxiao or Tangyuan. Obviously, they get the name from the festival itself. It is said that the custom of eating Yuanxiao originated during the Eastern Jin Dynasty in the fourth centuty, then became popular during the Tang and Song periods.
The fillings inside the dumplings or Yuansiao are either sweet or salty. Sweet fillings are made of sugar, Walnuts（胡桃）, sesame, osmanthus flowers（桂花）, rose petals, sweetened tangerine peel, bean paste, or jujube paste（枣泥）. A single ingredient or any combination can be used as the filling . The salty variety is filled with minced meat, vegetables or a mixture.
The way to make Yuanxiao also varies between northern and southern China. The usual method followed in southern provinces is to shape the dough of rice flour into balls, make a hole, insert the filling, then close the hole and smooth out the dumpling by rolling it between your hands. In North China, sweet or nonmeat stuffing is the usual ingredient. The fillings are pressed into hardened cores, dipped lightly in water and rolled in a flat basket containing dry glutinous rice flour. A layer of the flour sticks to the filling, which is then again dipped in water and rolled a second time in the rice flour. And so it goes, like rolling a snowball, until the dumpling is the desired size.
The custom of eating Yuanxiao dumplings remains. This tradition encourages both old and new stores to promote their Yuanxiao products. They all try their best to improve the taste and quality of the dumplings to attract more customers.
作者: karin 时间: 2010-2-26 02:04 标题: 元宵节相关英语大集合
腾讯首页 > 教育频道 > 校园每日图 > 正文
2008年02月21日09:48 腾讯外语论坛
[attach]6016[/attach]
元宵节：festival of lanterns，lantern festival dumplings
元宵： the rice glue ball
灯谜：riddles written on lanterns
灯具：lamps and lanterns
灯花 snuff
灯笼裤 bloomers galligaskins knickers pantalettes plus fours
灯笼 lantern scaldfish
灯塔 beacon lighthouse pharos
灯语 lamp signal
灯油 kerosene lamp oil
灯心蜻蜓 damselfly
元宵节的由来 Lantern Festival
The 15th day of the 1st lunar month is the Chinese Lantern Festival because the first lunar month is called yuan-month and in the ancient times people called night Xiao. The 15th day is the first night to see a full moon. So the day is also called Yuan Xiao Festival in China.
According to the Chinese tradition, at the very beginning of a new year, when there is a bright full moon hanging in the sky, there should be thousands of colorful lanterns hung out for people to appreciate. At this time, people will try to solve the puzzles on the lanterns and eat yuanxiao (glutinous rice ball) and get all their families united in the joyful atmosphere.
作者: karin 时间: 2010-2-26 02:06 标题: Lantern Festival 元宵节的由来
Lantern Festival 元宵节的由来
2008年02月21日09:32 腾讯外语论坛
Lantern Festival
[attach]6017[/attach]
Lantern Festival is a China＇s traditional festival. It is celebrated on the fifteenth day of the first month of the lunar year.
I,antern Festival is one of the biggest holidays in China. Several days before Lantern Festival, people begin to make lanterns. Lanterns are made in the shape of different animals, vegetables, fruits and many, other things. While making lanterns people usually write riddles on lanterns. On the eve of Lantern Festival, all the lanterns are hung up.
On Lantern Festival people go outside to have a look at the lanterns and guess the riddles on the lanterns. Perhaps you call see some wonderful folk performances,Dragon Dance and Yangko. Everything is very interesting and everyone is very happy. Our life is rich and varied.
元宵节
元宵节是中国的一个传统节日。通常在阴历年的第一个月的第十五天庆祝。
元宵节是中国最大的节日之一。在元宵节到来的几天前，人们就开始做灯笼，有的被做成动物，有的被做成蔬菜，有的被做成水果，各种样式都有。做灯笼时，人们通常在上面写上谜语。在元宵节前夜，所有的灯笼都被挂起来。
在元宵节这天，人们都出来看灯笼和猜灯谜，也许你还能看见一些精彩的民间表演龙舞和秧歌。每件事都很有趣，每个人都很高兴，我们的生活丰富多彩。
作者: karin 时间: 2010-2-26 02:08
正月十五闹元宵 给老外解释元宵节的起源
腾讯网 2007-03-02 11:50:00
The 15th day of the 1st lunar month
The 15th day of the 1st lunar month is the Chinese Lantern Festival because the first lunar month is called yuan-month and in the ancient times people called night Xiao. The 15th day is the first night to see a full moon. So the day is also called Yuan Xiao Festival in China.
According to the Chinese tradition, at the very beginning of a new year, when there is a bright full moon hanging in the sky, there should be thousands of colorful lanterns hung out for people to appreciate. At this time, people will try to solve the puzzles on the lanterns and eat yuanxiao (glutinous rice ball) and get all their families united in the joyful atmosphere.
History
Until the Sui Dynasty in the sixth century, Emperor Yangdi invited envoys from other countries to China to see the colorful lighted lanterns and enjoy the gala（节日的，庆祝的）performances.
By the beginning of the Tang Dynasty in the seventh century, the lantern displays would last three days. The emperor also lifted the curfew（宵禁令）, allowing the people to enjoy the festive lanterns day and night. It is not difficult to find Chinese poems which describe this happy scene.
In the Song Dynasty, the festival was celebrated for five days and the activities began to spread to many of the big cities in China. Colorful glass and even jade were used to make lanterns, with figures from folk tales painted on the lanterns.
However, the largest Lantern Festival celebration took place in the early part of the 15th century. The festivities continued for ten days. Emperor Chengzu had the downtown area set aside as a center for displaying the lanterns. Even today, there is a place in Beijing called Dengshikou. In Chinese, Deng means lantern and Shi is market. The area became a market where lanterns were sold during the day. In the evening, the local people would go there to see the beautiful lighted lanterns on display.
Today, the displaying of lanterns is still a big event on the 15th day of the first lunar month throughout China. People enjoy the brightly lit night. Chengdu in Southwest China's Sichuan Province, for example, holds a lantern fair each year in the Cultural Park. During the Lantern Festival, the park is literally an ocean of lanterns! Many new designs attract countless visitors. The most eye-catching lantern is the Dragon Pole. This is a lantern in the shape of a golden dragon, spiraling up a 27-meter -high pole, spewing fireworks from its mouth. It is quite an impressive sight!
Origin
There are many different beliefs about the origin of the Lantern Festival. But one thing for sure is that it had something to do with religious worship.
One legend tells us that it was a time to worship Taiyi, the God of Heaven in ancient times. The belief was that the God of Heaven controlled the destiny of the human world. He had sixteen dragons at his beck and call and he decided when to inflict drought, storms, famine or pestilence（瘟疫）upon human beings. Beginning with Qinshihuang, the first emperor to unite the country, all subsequent emperors ordered splendid ceremonies each year. The emperor would ask Taiyi to bring favorable weather and good health to him and his people. Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty directed special attention to this event. In 104 BC, he proclaimed it one of the most important celebrations and the ceremony would last throughout the night.
Another legend associates the Lantern Festival with Taoism. Tianguan is the Taoist god responsible for good fortune. His birthday falls on the 15th day of the first lunar month. It is said that Tianguan likes all types of entertainment. So followers prepare various kinds of activities during which they pray for good fortune.
The third story about the origin of the festival is like this. Buddhism first entered China during the reign of Emperor Mingdi of the Eastern Han Dynasty. That was in the first century. However, it did not exert any great influence among the Chinese people. one day, Emperor Mingdi had a dream about a gold man in his palace. At the very moment when he was about to ask the mysterious figure who he was, the gold man suddenly rose to the sky and disappeared in the west. The next day, Emperor Mingdi sent a scholar to India on a pilgrimage（朝圣）to locate Buddhist scriptures. After journeying thousands of miles, the scholar finally returned with the scriptures. Emperor Mingdi ordered that a temple be built to house a statue of Buddha and serve as a repository for the scriptures. Followers believe that the power of Buddha can dispel darkness. So Emperor Mingdi ordered his subjects to display lighted lanterns during what was to become the Lantern Festival.
Yuanxiao
Besides entertainment and beautiful lanterns, another important part of the Lantern Festival,or Yuanxiao Festival is eating small dumpling balls made of glutinous rice flour. We call these balls Yuanxiao or Tangyuan. Obviously, they get the name from the festival itself. It is said that the custom of eating Yuanxiao originated during the Eastern Jin Dynasty in the fourth centuty, then became popular during the Tang and Song periods.
The fillings inside the dumplings or Yuansiao are either sweet or salty. Sweet fillings are made of sugar, Walnuts（胡桃）, sesame, osmanthus flowers（桂花）, rose petals, sweetened tangerine peel, bean paste, or jujube paste（枣泥）. A single ingredient or any combination can be used as the filling . The salty variety is filled with minced meat, vegetables or a mixture.
The way to make Yuanxiao also varies between northern and southern China. The usual method followed in southern provinces is to shape the dough of rice flour into balls, make a hole, insert the filling, then close the hole and smooth out the dumpling by rolling it between your hands. In North China, sweet or nonmeat stuffing is the usual ingredient. The fillings are pressed into hardened cores, dipped lightly in water and rolled in a flat basket containing dry glutinous rice flour. A layer of the flour sticks to the filling, which is then again dipped in water and rolled a second time in the rice flour. And so it goes, like rolling a snowball, until the dumpling is the desired size.
The custom of eating Yuanxiao dumplings remains. This tradition encourages both old and new stores to promote their Yuanxiao products. They all try their best to improve the taste and quality of the dumplings to attract more customers.
作者: karin 时间: 2010-2-26 02:09 标题: 校园小知识：元宵节的来历
校园小知识：元宵节的来历
2007年02月28日17:12 QQ校园论坛
元宵节已有两千多年的历史，元宵节又名“灯节”或“灯夕”。北魏时期，道教笃信“三元神”，其中包括“上元天官（天官大帝）”、“中元地官（地官大帝）”及“下元水官（水官大帝）”三位神灵，他们的生日，分别为正月十五、七月十五及十月十五，所以正月十五又称为“上元节”。也有人认为，它是汉代宫廷的一种祭典演变而来。
正月十五是元宵节，又称上元，元夕或灯节，是民间多彩多姿的节日，也是春节最后的一天，自此以后一切恢复常态，所以民间热烈庆祝，故有小过年之称。
相传早于汉文帝期间，已将正月十五定为元宵节，及至汉武帝创建了“太初历”，进一步肯定元宵节的重要性。元宵节的节期，随着历代的发展而不断延长，相传唐代的元宵只持续三日，到了宋朝则延长至五天，及后到了明朝，更增加至十天，即由初八开始活动，直至年十七才结束。
中国传统妇女，三步不出闺门，平时在白天亦难出门，更何况是夜晚，难得元宵节当晚可以破禁，自然会尽享欢娱，等待异性来结识，所以不少中国古代的爱情故事，都以元宵佳节为题材。
元宵节是个热闹的节庆，活动很多举其重要者如下：
(一)上元祈福
民间将自然界分成三界，即天界、地界和水界，并予人格化。因此称为天官、地官和水官合称三官大帝。正月十五上元为天官大帝生日。天官的主责是赐福，所以，民间在清晨备牲醴，祭拜天官大帝，祈求赐福。
(二)元宵祭祖
上元节吃元宵可能始自宋代，不过当时称做“浮圆子”，到明朝才改称“元宵”每家做元宵、煮元宵。古时为年头佳兆，吃汤圆以象征家福。元宵煮好后先敬祖先，然后阖家团聚，吃元宵，已是团圆幸福。
(三)迎花灯
元宵节又称灯节，所以花灯是元宵节的中心活动。民间称花灯为「鼓子灯」，因为过去小朋友所提的灯型似鼓锣。元宵花灯种类很多，如寺庙的彩灯、店铺的走马灯及儿童的鼓仔灯等。式样种类很多，基本上可分为两类：一是形象灯如关刀灯、兔灯、水果灯、半灯等；另一是活动灯，是根据民间故事编制，现在多为电动花灯，如状元游街、八仙贺寿、桃园结义等表现忠孝节义的民族传统。
(四)猜灯谜
以往灯谜都在寺庙里举行，因为寺庙乃民众闲暇时聚集的场所，而且有花灯竞赛与展示，所以从前都在花灯下榜上一个谜面，到元宵夜由庙里相关人员主持猜灯谜，场面热闹而温馨，因为可以得个奖品回家，算是小过年的吉祥兆头。现代猜灯谜的型态有揭诸在报章、杂志上的，有电视转播某个寺庙的灯谜大会，也有在某些节目中穿插的灯谜，型态多样化，可满足民众不同的需要。这也反应现代社会中过传统节庆的多元型态。
(五)舞龙舞狮
全国各地在元宵节都有龙灯，龙是一种吉祥的神话动物，也是民族的图腾。台湾早期的龙灯，长约七、八丈，在竹鼓上贴纱，作为龙形的灯龙，在龙头和龙身里，点上十几枝蜡烛，然后绑在木棒上，由十几个人抬着走，由龙头追逐龙珠而起舞，姿态优美，称为“弄龙”。十五夜各地的狮阵也一起出动，称为「弄狮」，并表现功夫，其目的在驱邪祈安，并有贺年贺节的喜庆意义。
舞龙舞狮时锣鼓喧天，鞭炮声不绝，更为元宵节带来热闹的气氛。
作者: 溯源 时间: 2010-2-26 20:17
锣鼓喧天!元宵节热闹的气氛
作者: 山田小子 时间: 2010-3-24 22:14
这样学英语，感觉很不错。
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