This book can be roughly split into two portions: the first part deals with the following theoretical issues: (1) relationship between the orality and literacy; (2) basic attribute and types of epic text; (3) linkage among epic text and its context; (4) relation between a given text and its singing tradition; (5) Methodology and analytical models, and (6) textuality and intertextuality. "Oral Formulaic Theory" (or Parry-Lord Theory), and other schools connected to epic studies are referenced. In second part the author uses analytical models to work on a selected epic text Hündü Gartai Sabar in Bülüg, sang by epic singer Arimpil, the following aspects are discussed: (1) formula: epithet and other forms; (2)formulaic diction--rhythm, meter, and parallelism; (3) formulaic density; (4) systematic use of formula. Three analytical models are created by the author, based on the Beginning-Rhyme and Vowel-Harmony, the most sharp characteristics of Mongolian verse, to evaluate the role and function of formula in the epic tradition.