[王志芬] 云南壮族坡芽歌书符号意义解读
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云南壮族坡芽歌书符号意义解读
【作者】王志芬
【导师】祁庆富
【作者基本信息】中央民族大学，民族学，2009年，博士
【摘要】 丰富的少数民族物质和非物质文化遗产是中华民族文化遗产的重要组成部分。本论文研究的样本坡芽歌书是文山壮族传统民歌的一种古老的传承形式,是壮族的重要文化遗产,2006年发现于云南省文山壮族苗族自治州富宁县的坡芽村。这里是一个壮族聚居的地方,素有“歌海”之称。文山的壮族人民伴歌而生,踏歌而逝,丰富的文化生态土壤孕育了丰富的民歌文化,坡芽歌书就是产生于这样的社会文化环境之中。本论文分为绪论、正文、结语三个部分。绪论主要介绍选题缘由,研究概况,理论框架和研究方法。正文共六章:第一章介绍坡芽歌书生成的生态环境与人文环境,综述了文山壮族苗族自治州富宁县及坡芽村的自然地理概况,以及坡芽歌书生成的人文环境,指出正是壮乡丰富的民歌文化、壮族图画表意的习俗和万物有灵的观念,才有坡芽歌书的代代相传。第二章至第四章为坡芽歌书中81首歌的符号意义解读。此三章是作者田野调查的系统总结,并加之文献考证和意义解读的拓展。该部分使用大量篇幅,从歌词大意、图案、符号本意、符号象征、阐释其思想内容及表现手法等几个方面对坡芽歌书中81首歌的符号意义进行了全面解读,说明这部歌书采用月、星、树、稻叶、犁、斧、禽、马、人、衣、手、口、房屋、鸟笼等8 1个象征符号,来表示一对壮族青年男女通过探情、热恋、最后共同生活、相伴到老的爱情对唱山歌,是一部难得一见的图载歌书。第五章为坡芽歌书演唱曲调探析。本章对富宁县的民歌曲调、坡芽村村民经常使用的四种民歌曲调分打劳(大河歌),分标乖(老表歌),分果麻(八角林歌),分呃哎(归朝歌)进行介绍,指出这就是坡芽村村民在演唱坡芽歌书时所使用的曲调。第六章为坡芽歌书文化价值评估。本章通过南方铜鼓、岩画图案和坡芽歌书图案的比较,提出坡芽歌书是中国南方古越人的文化传承物的观点;关于坡芽歌书的符号,作者认为是一种自源性的图画文字;并且进一步论证了坡芽歌书图案与歌曲的关系。在结语中作者汇总了有关坡芽村社会变迁与文化变迁的调查结果。指出坡芽歌书把壮族的民歌凝集成一个个具有象征意义的符号,是我国非物质文化遗产宝库中的一颗闪亮明珠。坡芽歌书内容丰富,目前已濒临消失境地,为抢救和保护这份宝贵的文化遗产,作者提出了自己几点思考见解。本论文的创新之处是:1,研究内容的创新。坡芽歌书发现于2006年,目前除对其作翻译整理之外,还未见系统研究出书面世。发现地云南文山是壮族集居区,学术研究水平相对薄弱,本论文拾遗补阙,对坡芽歌书这一宝贵的非物质文化遗产进行系统整理,并在几个方面提出自己的独到见解。2,首次对于坡芽歌书歌符号意义进行了深入解读,探讨其文化内涵,有开拓性。3,研究方法的创新。以往有关壮族民歌的研究大都是共性研究和音乐文本研究,本课题运用了民族学的方法对坡芽歌书进行了个案解读,为民族学和音乐学研究提供了新的实证材料与研究案例。
【Abstract】 The abundant tangible and intangible cultural heritage of minorities are important component of Chinese nation's cultural heritage.The songs book of PoYa,which was found in PoYa village,Funing county, Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province in 2006,is an important forms of inheritance of Zhuang people's traditional folk song,and is also an important cultural heritage of Zhuang ethnic.PoYa village is inhabited by Zhuang people,and is known as“sea of songs”.Songs have accompanied with Zhuang people in Wenshan from their birth to death.The cultural ecology here gave birth to the wealth of folk culture,songs book of PoYa was produced in such a socio-cultural environment.This paper consists of three parts:the exordium,the main text and the concluding remarks.The exordium intruduced the main reason to choose the topic,the survay of the research,the theoretical frameworks and methords of the research.This paper has six chapters:Chapter one introduced ecological and so cio-cultural environment where the songs book of PoYa is generated,by taking an overview of natural,geographical and humanistic environment of PoYa village.The author pointed out that Zhuang people's music culture,their manner of using pictures to express meaning and their idea that all things have souls helped to made the songs book of PoYa handed down generation to generation.Chapter two to Chapter four made a comprehensive interpretation of symbols in 81 songs of the book by means of field investigation and document research,pointing out that this songs book used stars,trees,rice leaves,plow,ax,poultry,horses,people,clothing,hands,mouth, housing,cage,etc,such as 81 symbols to represent 81 Zhuang ethnic folk songs,it was a rare songs book with pictures.Chapter five analyzed the melody of the songs book of PoYa.The villagers used four melodys:“FenDaLao”,“FenBiaoGuai”,“FenGuoMa”,“FenEAi”when they sang according to the songs book of PoYa.Chapter six assessed cultural values of the songs book of PoYa.By comparing the images in the book with those in the brozen drums in south china and with rock paintings,the author pointed out that the book was a cultural heritage of the ancient Yue people in southern China.The author suggested that the Symbols in the songs book were of pictographic writings,and further explored the relationship between the pictures in the book and the songs.In conclusion the author summarizes her investigation in the village,illustrating the change both in it's culture and social institution. The author pointed out that the songs book of PoYa used symbols to represent folk songs,which can be seen as a shinning pear in the treasure house of China's intangible cultural heritage.The songs book of PoYa is rich in content and is now threatened with extinction.In order to rescue and preserve the valuable cultural heritage, the author put forward some of her own views.The innovation of this paper is as the follows:1.The songs book of PoYa is found in 2006,and by now there has been no work exploring the book systematically,except some traslation.However,this paper made systematically research of the book, putting forward some new opinions from the author's own insights.2.For the first time the paper made an interpretation of the symbols in the book,which was a pioneering study.3.Previous studies always focoused on the the musical aspects of the book,but in this paper the author made a case study,using ethnological methords,providing new materials for both musical and ethnological research.
【关键词】 坡芽歌书; 符号; 文化意义; 非物质文化遗产保护
【Key words】 songs book of PoYa; symbols; cultural significance; intangible cultural heritage conservation
【网络出版投稿人】中央民族大学 【网络出版投稿时间】2009-10-12 【网络出版年期】2010/01
【DOI】CNKI:CDMD:1.2009.193851 【分类号】G122 【下载频次】114 攻读期成果
