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周作人文学思想及创作的民俗文化视野

【作者】常峻 【导师】陈勤建

【作者基本信息】华东师范大学，文艺学，2004年，博士


【摘要 (中文/英文)】 中国新文学发展伊始便与民俗学结合在一起的天然联系，为我们从民俗视野研究中国现代文学提供了必要的前提。周作人是中国新文学理论的奠基人，同时又是中国现代民俗学的拓荒者。本文从民俗文化视野观照周作人的文学思想及创作，着重考察周作人的民俗学研究、民俗文化观，及其在周作人文学思想构建过程中的作用，以及对他文学创作的影响，并探讨周作人以民俗学视角观照文学的缘由，确立其作为文学的民俗文化批评开拓者的历史地位。 本文分为六章：第一章综述周作人研究的历史与现状，从而确定本文的研究目的、方法及意义；第二章从社会、时代背景、区域文化传统和个人文化选择的角度，阐释周作人选取民俗学视角观照文学的原因，侧重分析周作人自我文化建构的心路历程——浙江越文化传统的浸润给周作人以民俗学的感性认识，而世界民俗学的理念赋予他注重民间文化的理性精神；第三章考察周作人的民俗学研究及先锋意义；第四章进一步探讨周作人的民俗文化观，分析他确立的从民俗文化角度进行文学批评的方法，兼及他从民俗学视角进行的中国文化研究；第五章分析民俗学理论及民俗文化观在周作人文学思想生成中的影响，着重论述周作人关于文学起源和文学发展史的民俗学阐释、文学的民俗人性观，以及从民间立场出发所具有的“平凡的人道”、“有情的滑稽”等文学审美原则；第六章从创作实践方面，探讨周作人文学作品的民俗文化意蕴，进一步论述周作人将文学与民俗结合在一起的实绩，并揭示二者以“人”为核心的内在精神的一致性，从而呈现出周作人较为完整的文学风貌；最后是余论，指出这一研究的启示。

The Chinese new literature's connection with folklore in the embryonic stage has provided a necessary premise for our research of Chinese modem literature from folklore's perspective. Zhou Zuoren is not only the founder of Chinese new literature, but also the pioneer of modem folklore. This paper reviews Zhou's school of literature with an emphasis on his literature theory and work from folklore's perspective. Also, the paper attempts to probe the reason of his examination of literature from folklore's perspective and establish his status as a pioneering critic in folklore. The paper has six parts. The first part states in a comprehensive way the research on Zhou Zuoren so as to define the purpose, methodology and significance of the dissertation. The second part analyzes the experience of Zhou's self-culture creation from a personal angle-Yue culture in Zhejiang gave Zhou a perceptual knowledge of folklore, while the idea of world folklore gave him a rational cognition of folk' culture. The combination forms a dual folklore. The third part observes Zhou Zuoren's examination of literarure from folklore's perspective as well as its pioneering significance. The fourth part explores in a further way Zhou's perspective of folk culture, and analyzes the method he has established to conduct literary criticism from the angle of folklore as well as his research on Chinese Culture. The fifth part analyzes the impacts folklore theory and folk culture have on the formation of Zhou' literary ideas, focusing more his folklore interpretation and humanism perspective about the origin and hist ory of literature, also his literary aesthetic standards about "ordinary humanism" and "loving amusement" from the position of folklore. The sixth part expounds Zhou's achievement in combining literature and folklore and explores the consistency of their focus on human, thereby presenting a complete picture of Zhou's literature. The last part generalizes the revelation drawing from the research done in this dissertation.

【关键词 (中文/英文)】 周作人; 民俗学; 民俗文化观; 文学思想; 文学创作 Zhou Zuoren; folklore; schools of folk culture; schools of literature

【发表年期】2004年04期 【网络出版投稿人】华东师范大学 【DOI】CNKI:CDMD:1.2004.087194