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CNKI 中国博士学位论文全文数据库

【作者】王鸣明 【导师】徐万邦

【作者基本信息】中央民族大学，民族学，2005年，博士


【摘要 (中文/英文)】 文化变迁是文化人类学最富时代感的研究课题。我国民族学界自20世纪80 年代开始,把研究的重点从过去的社会形态理论转向了各个民族具体的文化现 象和现代化进程,涌现出了一批有关民族文化和社会发展的应用性成果,但有 关布依族社会文化发展变迁的研究成果还比较稀少,缺乏较深入的调查和理论 研究。 据第五次人口普查,全国布依族人口为2971460人,在我国少数民族中居 第十位,是少数民族中较大的民族。布依族是一个有着悠久历史的少数民族, 世代居住在贵州红水河、南北盘江沿岸,是贵州的原住民族。在长期的历史发 展过程,创造了丰富多彩的物质文化和精神文化,形成了具有本民族特色的世 代传承的民族文化。社会的发展和制度的变革,改革开放的深化,西部大开发 战略的实施及至当今经济全球化浪潮的推动,使得原本封闭落后的布依族社会 与外界的交流日益频繁,社会文化的各个层面也在发生着显在或隐性的变迁, 对这些文化变迁事项的描述和变迁深层原因的挖掘,以及对变迁所带来的对布 依族社会文化产生的影响的分析探讨,成为当今布依学研究的重要课题。 本文在对布依族聚居地区进行田野调查的基础上,以历史唯物主义和辩证 唯物主义的理论和方...更多法作为根本指导思想,以文化人类学关于变迁的研究成果 及历史学、文化学、民俗学、民族学等相关理论为理论依据,运用主位和客位 相结合,宏观与微观相结合的研究方法,结合相关历史文献资料,对具有代表 性的文化变迁现象进行历时性的纵向梳理,并在共时性的背景下进行适当的比 较研究。试图总结出布依族社会文化变迁的过程和特点,并反思其得失及何以 得失,以期能对布依族文化在全球化背景下的发展和现代化起到理论上的指导 作用,并期望本论文的研究方法和范式能对研究其他少数民族的文化变迁提供 参考。 本论文共分为八章: 绪论部分阐明了本论文选题研究的目的和意义,并介绍了与选题相关的国 内外研究状况及最新动态,一及本研究采用的研究方法和论文写作的主要思路。 第一章在系统地介绍国内外关于文化变迁的理论的基础上,对变迁理论进 行了归纳总结,同时介绍了本文拟采用的文化变迁理论。 第二章介绍布依族的历史源流。布依族是旧石器时代水城人、穿洞人、猫 猫洞人以及飞虎山新石器时代古人类的后裔,是建立群柯国的主体民族,经过 夜郎时代与蹼人、越人融合而突出地继承淮人和越人的文化特征,开始形成单 一的民族蹼越(布依)人。 第三章首先对布依族社会文化植根的地理环境和经济基础进行论述,并在 此基础用文化模式的有关理论上分析布依族文化的深层结构和布依族文化的民 族个性。 第四章通过展示田野调查的生动材料,对调查资料进行分类、整理、归纳、 分析,详细介绍布依族衣食住行方面变迁以及闲暇生活的变化,并进一步论述 变迁的原因。 第五章重点介绍了布依族社会传承和整合系统,即传统社会组织、官方委 任的行政系统、乡规民约、婚姻及家庭的特点和变迁的表现。 第六章对布依族地区的民族教育的历史沿革进行介绍,研究了现存的问题, 分析了制约发展的因素,并提出了解决问题的对策建议。 第七章对布依族社会文化变迁进行了理论分析,主要对变迁的阶段、表现 形式和动因进行了总结。 第八章对布依族文化在现代化进程中如何发展提出自己的见解和建议。认 为民族文化在不断变迁的过程中应积极进行民族文化的自我扬弃,有选择地吸 收外来文化并实现异质文化互动,从而形成新的进步的民族文化,真正实现民 族文化的现代化和民族文化的全球化。

Culture changes is one of the most important research subject of cultural anthropology study field. Since 1980s', the main study contents of anthropology have been changed from social form theory to the specific cultural phenomenon and modernization process of every ethnic groups. Many applicative achievements about national culture and social development were emerged. But the research which concerning Bouyei ethnic people's social culture changes still lack of thorough investigation and theoretical research.According to the 5th census, the population of Bouyei people is 2,971,460, hold the position of the 10th in all minorities of our country, so it is a larger minority. Bouyei ethnic group has long history .They live in the bank of South pang river, North pang river and red-water river in Guizhou province. Bouyei ethnic group is the aborigine of Guizhou province. In long-term historical development process, Bouyei ethnic group have created rich and colorful material culture and spiritual culture and formed characteristic national culture. With the development of society and the transform of system, reforming and opening up to the outside world deepen , west development strategy implement up to the present tide of economic globalization ,every aspects of Bouyei ethnic group's social culture has changed greatly. Therefore, describing the items of culture changes and discussing the reasons become an important study field.During the research process, the author adopts the following research methods: author gets many first-hand information and dates based on field work io Bouyei ethnic group region, then guide by the theory of dialectics materialism and historical materialism, and according to the research achievement such as historiography ,cultural study, folklore, ethnology etc. The author studied how did Bouyei ethnic people's social culture changes, what caused the change, and how to evaluate such changes firstly. Secondly, the author adopts the study method of a combination of macroscopic method and microcosmic method, etic and emic, analyzes some related historical document information and representative culture changes phenomenon ,and tries to summarize the regular pattern, reviews its gain and loss and the reasons. The Author hopes this study form and research technique can offer reference for other researchers when they study the same subject about other minorities under the modernization and the globalization background .This dissertation divides into 9 parts:The introduction is about the significance of this research, the domestic and foreign research achievement, and the research methods this article used.The first chapter not only introduces the domestic and international culture changes theory systematically, but also introduces the main culture changes theory that this paper will adopt.The second chapter introduces the historical source about Bouyei ethnic group. Bouyei ethnic group originated from Shuicheng people, Chuandong people, Maomaodong people of Old Stone Age and Feihushan people of New Stone Age. It is the main nation who established the Zangke country. In Yelang times Bouyei ethnic group mixed together with Pu people and yue people. Inheriting outstanding cultural feature of the two people, become Pu Yue unitary nation which was called Bouyei ethnic group after the foundation of the People's Republic of China.The third chapter discusses the geography environment and economic foundation of Bouyei ethnic group's social culture. And according to the cultural pattern theory the author analyzes the deep meaning ,structure and the national character of Bouyei ethnic group 's social culture.The fourth chapter introduce the changes about clothe, diet, living and transport of Bouyei ethnic group by demonstrating the lively material of field investigation. By classifying , arranging , summing up and analyzing the investigation information in detail, and discussing the reason of changes further.The fifth chapter introduces the characteristic about traditional social organization , official administrati

【关键词 (中文/英文)】 布依族; 社会文化; 变迁; 发展 Bouyei ethnic group; social culture; changes ; development

【发表年期】2005年04期 【网络出版投稿人】中央民族大学 【DOI】CNKI:CDMD:1.2005.066811