一篇實踐性的舊文，歡迎指正
本文刊于“2013年台中妈祖国际研讨会论文集”，收入本书略作修订。
传统的唤醒与发明——以福建陈坂宫开永妈祖庙的兴建为例
The Revival and Invention of Tradition: A Case Study of the Building of Kai-Yong Mazu Temple, Chen-Ban Palace, Fu-Jian
内容提要：2011年以来，笔者因为一个偶然的因素，“被卷入”到故乡——福建省永春县碧村陈坂宫开永妈祖庙的兴建过程之中。本文希望通过这个信仰民族志案例的深描，反思地方信仰传统之唤醒与发明是如何可能的。一方面，作为 “神圣的陌生人”的外来神明——开永妈祖带有“他者性”和“超凡性”能力，象征性地肩负了一种“文明化的使命”，从而形成了与地方信仰传统的相互镶嵌、相互联结；另一方面，作为“熟悉的陌生人”的“乡贤”——曾经远离故土而又暂时回到故土的“乡贤”——则藉助特有的“关系网络”，参与建构了合法化的地方信仰传统，并进而影响到乡村的当代文化建设导向。在这种文明化的 “互惠”过程中，熟人社会的文化心理动力——“脸面”往往也展示出特有的文化表情。然而“熟悉的陌生人”开展这样的“社会资本”的运作，究竟是一种创造性的发明，还是一种危险的消费？这个课题同样值得反思。
关键词： 地方信仰传统、社会资本、福建陈坂宫、开永妈祖庙、陌生人
作 者：陈进国，中国社会科学院世界宗教研究所，《宗教人类学》辑刊主编。
Abstract: Since 2011, due to an accidental event, the author has been involved in the building process of the Kai-Yong Mazu Temple of the Chen-Ban Palace, in Wai-Bi village (hometown to the author), Yong-Chun County, Fu-Jian. This article hopes to give a detailed account of this case of religious ethnography, to reflect on how is it possible that the local faith tradition can be revived and reinvented. On one hand, an alien goddess, the Kai-Yong Mazu as the “divine stranger”, with her “alterity” and “transcendence” symbolically undertook a mission of civilization, thus forming an inter-connection with the local tradition; on the other hand, country gentlemen as the “familiar strangers”, who had left their native land but have come back temporarily, are participants in the construction of a justified local tradition through a network of interpersonal relationships, thus having an impact on today’s cultural development of rural regions. In this process of reciprocity, “face” as a cultural-psychological motivation in an acquaintance society, often results in special cultural expressions. However, further reflection is needed on such an operation of social capital as conducted by “familiar strangers”: is it a creative initiative or a dangerous consumption?
Key Words: local faith tradition, social capital, Chen-Ban Palace in Fujian, Kai-Yong Mazu Temple, strangers
About the Author: Chen Jinguo, Associate Professor with the Institute of World Religions, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences; Editor of Anthropology of Religion.
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